[7.4.0] Automated rollback of commit 8ef7b705. (#23794)

*** Reason for rollback ***

The experiment with using sqlite didn't pan out. We might find other
uses for it in the future, but we can always resurrect it from version
control; no need to saddle Bazel with the additional dependency until
then.

*** Original change description ***

Implement a JNI wrapper around SQLite.

This will be used by the implementation of garbage collection for the
disk cache, as discussed in
https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/issues/5139 and the linked design
doc. I judge this to be preferred over
https://github.com/xerial/sqlite-jdbc for the following reasons:

1. It's a much smaller dependency.
2. The JDBC API is too generic and becomes awkward to use when dealing
with the peculiarities of SQLite.
3. We can (more easily) compile it from source for all host platforms,
including the BSDs.

***

PiperOrigin-RevId: 679600756
Change-Id: Ic3748fa30404a31504426c523c9b9a60ec451863