Add button icon support for animation duration (#162667)

Fixes [Default foreground color animation duration doesn't apply on icon
of `Button` widgets](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/162301)
Fixes [Implement similar widget to``AnimatedDefaultTextStyle`` but for
child ``Icon``](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/137251)

### Description

This PR adds``AnimatedTheme` to `ButtonStyleButton` which is extended by
buttons. It animates the button icon when changing icon color and size,
similar to button text.

### Code Sample

<details>
<summary>expand to view the code sample</summary> 

```dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() => runApp(const MyApp());

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const MaterialApp(
      home: HomePage(),
    );
  }
}

class HomePage extends StatelessWidget {
  const HomePage({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          spacing: 20,
          children: <Widget>[
            ElevatedButton.icon(
              icon: const Icon(Icons.favorite_rounded, size: 50),
              label: const Text('Button', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 36)),
              onPressed: () {},
              style: const ButtonStyle(
                iconColor: WidgetStateProperty<Color>.fromMap(
                  <WidgetStatesConstraint, Color>{
                    WidgetState.pressed: Color(0XFFFF0000),
                    WidgetState.any: Color(0XFF000000),
                  },
                ),
                foregroundColor: WidgetStateProperty<Color>.fromMap(
                  <WidgetStatesConstraint, Color>{
                    WidgetState.pressed: Color(0XFFFF0000),
                    WidgetState.any: Color(0XFF000000),
                  },
                ),
              ),
            ),
            ElevatedButton.icon(
              icon: const Icon(Icons.favorite_rounded, size: 50),
              label: const Text('Button', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 36)),
              onPressed: () {},
              style: const ButtonStyle(
                animationDuration: Duration(seconds: 2),
                iconColor: WidgetStateProperty<Color>.fromMap(
                  <WidgetStatesConstraint, Color>{
                    WidgetState.pressed: Color(0XFFFF0000),
                    WidgetState.any: Color(0XFF000000),
                  },
                ),
                foregroundColor: WidgetStateProperty<Color>.fromMap(
                  <WidgetStatesConstraint, Color>{
                    WidgetState.pressed: Color(0XFFFF0000),
                    WidgetState.any: Color(0XFF000000),
                  },
                ),
              ),
            )
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

```

</details>

### Before


https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/86fcab94-1147-4c49-b362-12f804a5d540

### After


https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/12a49de8-06d6-46c5-976f-5ce182d60423

## Pre-launch Checklist

- [x] I read the [Contributor Guide] and followed the process outlined
there for submitting PRs.
- [x] I read the [Tree Hygiene] wiki page, which explains my
responsibilities.
- [x] I read and followed the [Flutter Style Guide], including [Features
we expect every widget to implement].
- [x] I signed the [CLA].
- [x] I listed at least one issue that this PR fixes in the description
above.
- [ ] I updated/added relevant documentation (doc comments with `///`).
- [x] I added new tests to check the change I am making, or this PR is
[test-exempt].
- [ ] I followed the [breaking change policy] and added [Data Driven
Fixes] where supported.
- [x] All existing and new tests are passing.

If you need help, consider asking for advice on the #hackers-new channel
on [Discord].

<!-- Links -->
[Contributor Guide]:
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/contributing/Tree-hygiene.md#overview
[Tree Hygiene]:
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/contributing/Tree-hygiene.md
[test-exempt]:
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/contributing/Tree-hygiene.md#tests
[Flutter Style Guide]:
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/contributing/Style-guide-for-Flutter-repo.md
[Features we expect every widget to implement]:
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/contributing/Style-guide-for-Flutter-repo.md#features-we-expect-every-widget-to-implement
[CLA]: https://cla.developers.google.com/
[flutter/tests]: https://github.com/flutter/tests
[breaking change policy]:
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/contributing/Tree-hygiene.md#handling-breaking-changes
[Discord]:
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/contributing/Chat.md
[Data Driven Fixes]:
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/contributing/Data-driven-Fixes.md



Co-authored-by: Qun Cheng <36861262+QuncCccccc@users.noreply.github.com>